Back in the 17th century, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was the world’s first multinational corporation and the first to issue stock1.
It revolutionized global trade, wielding enormous power across continents. But behind the scenes lay murky accounting, inflated asset values, and speculative bubbles. As the VOC aged, corruption crept in, and its operations slowly unravelled under the weight of mismanagement and scandal2 amongst other things.
Fast forward to 2020, and Europe witnessed a modern echo of that corporate illusion.
Wirecard, once Germany’s fintech pride, promised seamless digital payments and global expansion. But beneath the glossy investor presentations and soaring stock price was a €2 billion black hole3. Auditors were misled, regulators were sluggish, and executives vanished as the company collapsed in disgrace4.
Centuries apart, the VOC and Wirecard show how innovation – whether in trade or tech – can be weaponised when oversight fails. One sold spices and silk, the other sold digital dreams. Both ended with broken trust and shattered reputations.
We can learn a lot from the past when it comes to understanding the risks of today. Join us as we explore what connects 80 risks from history with the increasing challenges businesses face.

In medieval times, the map of the world was very small, often sharing the same shape as the animal skin it was drawn on.

Around 2,745 years ago, Ptolemy I, Alexander the Great's successor, built the world’s first lighthouse on the western bank of the Nile.

Banker John Pierpoint Morgan formed the International Mercantile Marine Company (IMM) in 1902 with one clear goal: monopolize the transatlantic shipping trade.

When the 1906 San Francisco earthquake struck at 5.12am on the morning of April 18, 1906, it set in train one of the deadliest disasters to impact the US.

Clark Stanley was an American herbalist and quack doctor who sold snake oil to railroad workers and miners at fairs right across the US in the early 1900s.
[1] https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/08/first-company-issue-stock-dutch-east-india.asp
[3] https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/wirecard-scandal-numbers-financial-forensic-expert-breakdown-2020-6-1029332810
[4] https://novarkservices.com/wirecard-germanys-biggest-corporate-fraud-a-case-study-in-financial-deception-and-regulatory-failure/